Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

Methodological approaches to the development of creative abilities

Kadirova Shakhibonu Mukhammadovna.

The role of an educator in the introduction of inclusive education

Kadirova Shakhibonu Mukhammadovna.

ВЕЛОСИПЕД СПОРТИДАГИ АЙРИМ МУАМОЛАР ҲАҚИДА

Солива Гулчехра Шокиркизи., Холмурадов Обиджон Юлдошивич

AYOLLARNING ISLOM TARIXIDAGI ILMIY SAFARLARI

Maksumova Inoyatxon Vahidulla qizi

“EY MUNAQQID, SEN G‘AZALNI KO‘HNA DEB KAMSITMAGIL...”

Toshpo‘lat Yuldashevich TUGALOV

Boshlang‘ich ta’limda interfaol metodlarning amaliyotga tatbig‘i: tahlil va takliflar

Matqurbonova Sevara Ikromjon qizi

ISHLAB CHIQARISH CHANGLARINING TURLARI VA ULARNING TASNIFLANISHI

Samadova Nilufar Dilmurod qizi

CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: MODERN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Salohiddinova Hojaroy, Toshqinpo’latova Dilshoda, Sobirov Olimjon Odiljonovich

METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN SCHOOLS IN UZBEKISTAN

Ibragimov Bobamurod Do‘sqoo‘ilovich

MANAGEMENT OF THE DISTANCE EDUCATION PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Azimjon Abdullayev G‘ayratjon o‘g‘li

Оценка уровня теоретических знаний выпускников общеобразовательных школ по предмету “Физическое воспитание” на основе мониторинга.

Эркабоева Ойбек Мухаммаджоновича

DYNAMIC MODELING OF THE WHEY SEPARATION PROCESS FROM BRYNDZA

Safarov Jasur Esirgapovich, Sultanova Shakhnoza Abduvahitovna, Ergasheva Zulfiya Kakhramanovna

Cherry Jam Production Technology Using Uzbek Cherry Varieties

N.A.Mirzaakhmedova

Specific Features of Convective Drying of Plum, a Stone Fruit

Mirzaakhmedova Nargiza

Methods for Expanding the Assortment of Dried Stone Fruit Products

N.A.Mirzaakhmedova

IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR MANAGING TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Madaminov Islom

OʻZBEK BOLALAR ADABIYOTIDA PEDAGOGIK VA AXLOQIY QADRIYATLAR

Maxsudova Charos

THE LITERARY REPRESENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCIENCE FICTION WORKS

Obidjonova Ma’suma

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI IXTISOSLASHTIRILGAN TA’LIM MUASSASALARI AGENTLIGI TIZIMIDAGI KUTUBXONACHILAR UCHUN O‘QUV-SEMINAR: RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA VA KITOBXONLIK MADANIYATINI RIVOJLANTIRISH

NAZAROV SULAYMON

RESULTS OF SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDIES OF BRUCITE, MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE, AND GYPSUM OBTAINED FROM DOLOMITE

Tursunov Shokhjakhon

A DENTIST WITHOUT X-RAYS: CLINICAL PRUDENCE OR PROFESSIONAL ILLUSION?

Allamurodova Bakhtigul , Khayitova Mehrigul

ALISHER NAVOIYNING FORSIY G‘AZALLARI TILI VA USLUBI

Ravzatulloyeva Soniya

THE ROLE OF ERROR CORRECTION IN MODERN ENGLISH TEACHING: TO CORRECT OR NOT TO CORRECT?”

Mamatova Zulfira , Murodova Rukhsora

Zardo‘zlik san’atining tarixiy ildizlari va bugungi talqini: An’anaviy hunar va zamonaviy dizayn uyg‘unligi

Xoʻjamurodova Sevinch

PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS CIRCUMCISION COMPETIONS DEVELOPMENT

Umurova Rukhshona

INTEGRATING INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE INTO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH

Xomidjonova Gavharoy

TALABALARNING KREATIV QOBILIYATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA ADABIYOTNING ROLI

Ro‘zmatova Xurshida

CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF THE NAVRUZ VARIETY OF POMEGRANATE (Punica granatum L.) CREATED THROUGH SELECTION

OCHILDIYEV О‘TKIR , JUMANOVA MOKHIRA

OILA INSTITUTINING JAMIYATDAGI BARQARORLIK VA AXLOQIY QADRIYATLARNI SHAKLLANTIRISHDAGI ROLI

Muxammadiyeva Oliya

“ILIADA”NING NEMIS VA FRANSUZ TILIGA TARJIMALARI

Nuriddin Ochilovich Yusupov

AXBOROTLI MUHITDA O‘QUVCHILAR FAOLIYATINI TASHKIL ETISH MEXANIZMLARI

Tursunov Hojiakbar Hamidullo o‘g‘li

JISMLAR SIMMETRIYASI

Kamalova Dilnavoz Ixtiyorovna; SHomurodova SHahzoda Akbar qizi

O‘QUVCHI-YOSHLARDA EKOLOGIK MADANIYATNI SHAKLLANTIRISHDA AQLIY TARBIYA VA ILMIY IZLANISHNING UYG‘UNLIGI

To‘xtayeva Zebo Sharifovna, Rayimova Nigina Bobo-nazarovna

ART TERAPIYA VA O‘YIN TERAPIYASINING BOLALARDA TRAVMA OQIBATLARINI KAMAYTIRISHDAGI PSIXOKORREKTSION ROLI

Hamidova Gulshoda Hamidovna

МОДЕЛИ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯ ОККАЗИОНАЛЬНЫХ СЛОВ Е. ЕВТУШЕНКО

Тойирова Азизабегим

РОЛЬ ПЕРЕДОВЫХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В СУДЕБНОЙ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

Ганиева Нилуфар Хамраевна,, Бахриев Ибрагим Исомадинович,, Набиев Фарход Хулмурадович

SHUKUR XOLMIRZAYEV HIKOYALARINI MA’NAVIY-DIDAKTIK MOHIYATI

Xotamova Mehrangiz Ma’rufjonovna

GIYOHVAND VA PSIXOTROP MODDALAR, ALKOGOL ICHIMLIKLAR VA BOSHQA TURDAGI QARAMLIKKA MOYILLIGI BORLAR BILAN PSIXOLOGIK XIZMAT OLIB BORISH

Xoshimov Abdumutalib Xasanboy o‘g‘li

KAM TA’MINLANGAN OILALAR BILAN ISHLASHDA PSIXOLOGNING O‘RNI

Saidova Nafisa Nematovna

Improving the Regulatory and Legal Framework in Transport and Logistics in Uzbekistan: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

Jumaqulov Xusniddin Shokir o’g’li

К ВОПРОСУ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ГОВОРЕНИЮ НА РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ КАК НЕРОДНОМ

YUNUSOVA Xilola

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ПЕРЕДОВОГО ЗАРУБЕЖНОГО ОПЫТА В ОБЛАСТИ ВОСПИТАНИЯ – ВАЖНЕЙШАЯ ЗАДАЧА СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ

Медетова Раушан , Каримова Нозима

INTEGRATION BETWEEN PEDAGOGICAL, MODERN METHODS AND LATEST TECHNOLOGIES

Zokirova Elinura

Comparing Listening Gains from AI Text-to-Speech vs. Real Human Voice Recordings in Uzbek EFL

Baxramova Malika

THE IMPACT OF THE SCHOOL'S SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ON PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' LEARNING

Qurboniyozova Mardona

ФЕБУКСОСТАТ ДЕМОНСТРИРУЕТ ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВО ПЕРЕД ТОПИРОКСОСТАТОМ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ХБП И ГИПЕРУРИКЕМИЕЙ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СУБАНАЛИЗА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ TROFEO

Бекмуродова Малика , Эшмурадов Куёшбек , Тошкулов Хасан , Тоиров Достон

GEPATOTOKSIK DORILAR (AMIODARON, ISONIAZID, RIFAMPITSIN) VA ULARNI XAVFSIZ QO‘LLASH STRATEGIYASI

Fazliddinov Janobiddin , Pardayev Musobek , Islamova Kamola

YASHIL IQTISODIYOTNI BAHOLASH USULLARI: INDIKATORLAR VA MONITORING TIZIMLARI

Eshmurodov Xurshidbek

РАЗРАБОТКА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ДОБАВКИ СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ

Гайрат Алижанович Норматов, Соттикулов Эльёр Сотимбоевич

THE INFLUENCE OF THE CURVATURE RADIUS OF THE WORKING SURFACE OF THE SCRAPER ON THE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF A DISC PLOUGH

Ishmuradov Shuxrat Ulugberdievich, Abdumajidov Rustamjon Baxtiyor o‘g‘li

TECHNOLOGIES FOR MAP, DATABASE, AND LAYOUT CREATION

Xushvaqtov Asadbek Saydulla o‘g‘li

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING VISUAL AIDS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL LESSONS

Khasanova Asila

ALTRUISTIK XULQ-ATVOR TUSHUNCHASI VA UNI JAMIYATNING BIR BO'G'INI BO'LGAN O'SMIRLARDA NAMOYON BO'LISHI

NORQULOVA SEVARA O’ROZ QIZI

AUTOMATION OF TECHNICAL SAFETY SYSTEMS IN POWER PLANTS AND THEIR ROLE IN PREVENTING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Urozkulova Shahrizoda Jamoliddin daughter

NOGIRONLIGI BOʻLGAN SHAXSLARNI IJTIMOY HIMOYA QILISH BOʻYICHA

Usmonova Muhabbat Saʼdulla qizi

SHAHARSOZLIK VA LANDSHAFT ARXITEKTURASI - SHAHARLARIMIZ KELAJAGI

Xatamova Parvina Alisher qizi

BOLALAR ONKOLOGIYASI: FARQLARI VA XUSUSIYATLARI

Yusupov Muhamad Zoxidjon o’g’li

ENGAGING SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CHECKERS CLUBS

Nodirqulova Malika Ilлhom kizi

Full Translation: Physiological Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Winter Soft Wheat Varieties and Their F0 Hybrids

Khamraev N.U, Yuldasheva Sh. X

Theoretical Foundations of Organizing Independent Language Learning Based on MALL Technology

Rajabova Sabohat

“MIOKARD INFARKTI: ETIOLOGIYASI, PATOGENEZI, KLINIKASI VA DAVOLASH USULLARI”

Meliqulov Javlonbek , Rixsiyeva Nazira

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТЕПЛОВЫХ НАСОСОВ

Мансурова Ш.П.

AYOLLAR YENGIL KO‘YLAGINI TIKISH

Qudratova Mastura Axmatovna

Principles of effective application of foreign experience in modeling the impact of insurance activities on the standard of living of the population in Uzbekistan

Kuchkarova Shirinoy Dilshodovna, Khashimov Abdukomil Risbekovich,

Yangi O‘zbekistonda nogironligi bo‘lgan shaxslarni himoyasini ta’minlash istiqbollari

Xoshimova Manzura Solijon qizi

BIRINCHI INSTANSIYA JINOYAT SUDLARIDA ADVOKAT ISHTIROKI TO’G’RISIDAGI NORMALARNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH MASALALARI

Mirzoyeva Mohinur Ulug’bek qizi

ИСТОРИЯ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ ТЕФЛОНА В МЕДИЦИНСКУЮ ПРАКТИКУ

Зухриддинова Розия Камолиддин кизи, Ботиров Камолиддин Зухриддинович

MAKTAB DIREKTORLARINING BOSHQARUV KO‘NIKMALARINI TA’LIMDAGI O‘ZGARISHLARGA MOSLASHTIRISH ASOSIDA RIVOJLANTIRISH

Siradjev Ilxom Toxirovich

NEEDS OF ESP LEARNERS

Tojiboyeva Dilorom Odiljon qizi

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS AND EXPORT-IMPORT POLICY IN INDUSTRIAL SECTORS

Abdullayeva Dilnoza Bahodir qizi

SWOT ANALYSIS OF UZBEKISTAN’S DIGITAL READINESS

Ismoilov Farrukh, Akabirkhodjaeva Dilfuza

O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA QONUNCHILIKNI KODIFIKATSIYALASHTIRISHNI AMALGA OSHIRISH BOSQICHLARI.

Choriyev Ulug‘bek Rustamovich

METHODOLOGY FOR FORMING LISTENING SKILLS IN NATIVE LANGUAGE AND READING LITERACY LESSONS IN THE PRIMARY GRADE

Aymatova Amansoltan Arazmed daughter

SPORT FENCING: EVOLUTION, METHODOLOGY, AND ROLE IN MODERN SPORT

ABDAZOV ISLAMBEK

Dose-Dependent Effects of Mumie (Shilajit) Extract on Platelet Count in Dogs

Rizakova Dilorom Pulatovna

MIOKARD INFARKTI: ZAMONAVIY DAVOLASH YONDASHUVLARI VA REABILITATSIYA

Abdug’ofirova Xonzoda Iqboljon qizi

YUQUMLI KASALLIKLAR PROFILAKTIKASIDA KOMPYUTER TEXNOLOGIYALARINING ROLI

G'oyibnazarova. K. Sh.

Kasbiy identifikatsiya va uning psixologik asoslari: shaxsiy rivojlanishning zamonaviy talqinlari

Kurbonov Munis

USMON AZIM IJODIDA HAJV VA IJTIMOIY LIRIKANING UYG‘UNLIK TABIATI

Firuza Buriyeva

O’ZBEKISTONDA XOR SAN’ATINING RIVOJLANISHI.

Po‘latjonova Intizora Nazirjon qizi, Shokirxanov Baxtiyorxon Botirxonovich

IMPROVED SOWING SECTION

Nozimjon Turgunov

COMPLEX EVALUATION OF QUALITY INDICATORS OF TWO-LAYER M KNITTED FABRICS FROM PAN YARN .

S.Saparova, Mirsadikov.M,, M.Musaeva, M.Mukimov

THE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE TENSION FORCE OF THE YARN PRODUCED IN THE WORKING MACHINES DURING THE WEAVING PROCESS

Homidov Qahramon Abdullajonovich

SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROFILE

Yerkebayeva Madina Davranbek qizi

ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTING HIGH-VISCOSITY CRUDE OIL THROUGH PIPELINES

Bobomurod Rakhimov, Sanjarbek Mamajonov

COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS OF HIGH-TAR CRUDE OILS

Bobomurod Rakhimov, Sanjarbek Mamajonov

YOSHLAR VA ULARNING PSIXOLOGIYASI

BAXODIROVA MAHLIYO ILHOMOVNA

THE IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PSYCHO-MORAL MECHANISMS OF CYBERBULLYING

Saidikromkhoja Usmonov

STOMATOLOGIYA YO‘NALISHIDA BIOLOGIK KIMYONI O‘QITISHDA YANGI PEDAGOGIK TEXNOLOGIYALARDAN FOYDALANISH

Kuryazov A.Q, Kuryazov Sh.A, Abdullayeva X.D

РАЗРАБОТКА СОСТАВА И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КРЕМА DR.SNAILS НА ОСНОВЕ СЛИЗИ УЛИТКИ В ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКОМ НАПРАВЛЕНИИ

Ўринова Дилноза Жаҳонгир қизи

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBIOTICS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN WITH HIV

Tuychiev Laziz , Muminova Mahbuba

WAYS TO CORRECT INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA

Muminova Makhbuba , Khudaikulova Gulnara

THE STATE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOME IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN WITH INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA.

Tuychiev L.N, Khudaikulova G.K, Muminova M.T

ALISHER NAVOIY IJODIDA TASAVVUF FALSAFASI

Ismoilova Muxlisa

O‘ZBEK XALQ ERTAKLARINING PEDAGOGIK AHAMIYATI

Atanazarova Maftuna

ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ТРОФИЧЕСКОЙ ФУНКЦИИ ПЕРИОДОНТАЛЬНЫХ ТКАНЕЙ ПРИ ДЕПУЛЬПИРОВАННЫХ ЗУБАХ

Курбанова Азиза

КОГНИТИВНЫЕ ИСКАЖЕНИЯ В ПРИНЯТИИ РЕШЕНИЙ: МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ РАЗЛИЧИЯ

Зарипова Н.Ф, Умарова Н.Ш

COGNITIVE EXPRESSION OF THE CONCEPT OF WOMAN IN THE WORK OF CHARLOTTE BRONTE: ON THE EXAMPLE OF TRANSLATIONS OF “JANE EYRE”

Naimova Nazira

DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE CENTER OF SCIENCE AND NATURE BASED ON THE “ILK KADAM” STATE PROGRAM

Saparniyazova Aygul

EDUCATING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH FAIRY TALES

Naimova Zuxra

EDUCATIONAL ISSUES IN KARAKALPAK FOLK EPICS

Kurbaniyazov Makset

ISSUES OF ORGANIZING INDEPENDENT WORK OF STUDENTS

Kenjebayeva Klara

PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCIES OF EDUCATORS

Ibragimova Lizakhan

SOCIOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EDUCATOR AND CHILDREN

Turebekova Guljakhan

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF THE PERSONALITY OF YOUNG ADOLESCENTS

Saparova Liza

TERMODINAMIKANING BIRINCHI QONUNI VA KARNO SIKLINI ZAMONAVIY RAQAMLI TA’LIM TEXNOLOGIYALARI ASOSIDA O‘QITISHNING ILMIY-METODIK ASOSLARI

Kamolov Ixtiyor , Idiboyeva Sevinch

G.DAVLETOVA ASARLARI LEKSIKASI

Joldasbayeva Shaxrizoda

CYBERCRIME

Usmonov Nosir

ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПРЕМОРБИДНЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ РАЗЛИЧНОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ ШИЗОФРЕНИИ У ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ФЕРГАНСКОЙ ДОЛИНЫ, ДИНАМИКА ЗА 1984-2024 ГОДЫ

Мамасалиев Нематжон , Исламов Шавкатжон

“МАНГУЛИККА ДАҲЛДОР ЙИЛЛАР” (Ўзбекистон Республикаси мустақиллигининг 34-йиллигига бағишланади.)

Холикова Зухра

ЛАЛМИКОР МАЙДОНЛАРДА НЎХАТ СЕЛЕКЦИЯСИ.

Нахалбаев Жахангир

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF ORGANIZING INDEPENDENT LEARNING ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS OF ACADEMIC LYCEUMS OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS

Akhmedov Yodgorbek

ELEKTR TA’MINOTINING METROLOGIK MUAMMOLARI

Abdimajidov Farrux , Fayzullayev Sardor

УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ КАМЕННЫХ РАБОТ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ХЛОПКО-ХЛОПКООЧИСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ «МУЗРАБОТ».

Каршиев Бахтиёр , Абдуллаев Камолиддин , Абдихамидов Нурбек , Турсунов Немат

WAYS TO CORRECT INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA

Muminova Makhbuba , Khudaykulova Gulnara

THE STATE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOME IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN WITH INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA.

Tuychiev L.N, Khudaykulova G.K, Muminova M.T

SHUKUR XOLMIRZAYEV HIKOYALARIDA BADIIY DETALNING POETIK VA ESTETIK FUNKSIYASI

Alimova Mohidil

X. DÁWLETNAZAROV POEZIYASINDA TROPLARDIŃ QOLLANILIW ÓZGESHELIGI

Otemisov Aziz , Djoldasbaeva Shaxrizoda

LEGALTECH VA HUQUQIY RISKLARNI BOSHQARISH

Toxirova Diyora , Javoxir Eshonqulov

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF INTRODUCING DUAL EDUCATION IN THE EDUCATION PROCESS OF ENGINEERING

Kodirov Ismail

USING COMPUTER PRESENTATIONS IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Xushmurodova Dilnura

MODERN MODELS OF INVESTMENT MONITORING SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION.

Rahmatov Azim

Interactive Methods for Teaching Definite Integrals

Shermetova O’g’iljon

ANTHROPONYMS NAMED ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT NAME SELECTION TRADITIONS IN ANCIENT TURKISH PEOPLE

R. Allaberganova

O‘RTA TA’LIMDA “CLIL” METODI ORQALI FAN VA TIL INTEGRATSIYASI: AMALIY YONDASHUV VA NATIJALAR

Asqarova Shaxloxon

THE EFFECT OF ELASTICITY IN THE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ON THE KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF A LINTER MACHINE.

Kasimova Dilafruz

РУС ТИЛИНИ ЎРГАНИШ МОТИВАЦИЯСИНИ ОШИРИШДА НЕЙРОГРАФИК УСУЛЛАРНИНГ САМАРАДОРЛИГИ

Газиева Ойдин

MAKTAB RAHBARLARINING INKLYUZIV TA’LIMDAN INKLYUZIV JAMIYATGA OʻTISH KOMPETENSIYALARINI SHAKLLANTIRISH

Abdugʻaniyev Abdurauf

INCLUSIVE EDUCATION: ESSENCE, GOALS, AND PRINCIPLES

Javokhir Yoqubjonov

IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF FORMATION AND USE OF EXTRA-BUDGETARY FUNDS IN BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS

Karimov Erkin To’rayevich