Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE TOPIC “STUDYING THE STRUCTURE OF METABOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES ON THE EXAMPLE OF ANDIJAN CITY”

Obidjonov Isroiljon

Andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti Terapiya yo‘nalishi, 1-bosqich magistratura talabasi

Qodirov Dilshodbek

Andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti, Oilaviy shifokorlar tayyorlash kafedrasi dotsenti

Saliev Dilmurod

Andijon davlat tibbiyot instituti, Oilaviy shifokorlar tayyorlash kafedrasi dotsenti

Keywords: MASLD, MAFLD, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, steatosis, fibrosis, lean MASLD, comorbidities.

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Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD/MAFLD) is currently recognized as the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome components. This article reviews contemporary evidence on the global and regional epidemiology of MASLD, its structural spectrum, phenotypes, risk factors, pathogenesis, and major comorbidities. Data from large-scale meta-analyses indicate that MASLD affects nearly one-third of the adult population, with a steadily increasing prevalence over the past decade. The structural spectrum of the disease ranges from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Distinct phenotypes, including obesity-related MASLD and lean MASLD, are described, highlighting their clinical and prognostic relevance. Insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus are identified as key drivers of disease development and progression. The findings support the concept of MASLD as a systemic metabolic disorder rather than an isolated liver condition, emphasizing the importance of early risk stratification and personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies.

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