Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

PERIODONTITIS IN HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES

Muhitdinova F.G’.

Tashkent State Medical University

Keywords: chronic periodontitis; periodontal microflora; anaerobic bacteria; disease severity; periodontal pockets; clinical characteristics

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Abstract

Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease in which microbial biofilm and host immune response interact to determine disease onset and progression. Although dental plaque is the primary etiological factor, the clinical severity of periodontitis varies considerably among individuals, suggesting differences in microbial composition and host susceptibility.

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and microbiological characteristics of chronic periodontitis according to disease severity and to analyze their relationship with periodontal tissue destruction.

A total of 141 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were examined and stratified into mild, moderate, and severe forms based on clinical and radiographic criteria. Periodontal parameters including gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and alveolar bone resorption were assessed. Subgingival samples were collected for microbiological analysis to identify aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms associated with periodontal inflammation.

Patients with mild chronic periodontitis predominantly exhibited moderate gingival inflammation and shallow periodontal pockets, whereas moderate and severe forms were characterized by increased pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and radiographic bone destruction. Microbiological analysis demonstrated a progressive shift from predominantly aerobic flora in mild disease to anaerobic pathogenic microorganisms in severe periodontitis. The highest prevalence of anaerobic bacteria was observed in patients with severe disease, often accompanied by mixed microbial associations.

These findings indicate that clinical severity of chronic periodontitis is closely associated with qualitative and quantitative changes in periodontal microflora. Understanding these relationships may improve risk assessment and contribute to more targeted periodontal treatment strategies.

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