Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology

PATHOGENESIS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES CAUSED BY DENTAL PLAQUE

Yarashova Shaxrizoda Ilyosovna

Samarkand State Medical University

Li Nikita Sergeyevich

Samarkand State Medical University

Abdusalomov Bobur Baxodirovich

Samarkand State Medical University

Ismailov Imronbek Rustamovich

Samarkand State Medical University

Keywords: Periodontal diseases, Gingivitis, Periodontitis, Dental plaque, Pathogenesis, Biofilm formation, Periodontal pathogens, Inflammation, Immune response, Oral health.

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Abstract

Periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are primarily driven by the accumulation of dental plaque, a complex microbial biofilm forming on teeth and gums. This article explores the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases caused by dental plaque, detailing the stages of biofilm formation, the role of periodontal pathogens, and the host immune response leading to chronic inflammation. The progression from gingivitis to periodontitis involves periodontal pocket formation, tissue destruction, and alveolar bone loss. The systemic impact of periodontal diseases is discussed, highlighting links to cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Strategies for prevention, including plaque control and risk factor reduction, are also examined.

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